Definition
A criminal record check conducted by the Disclosure and Barring Service to help employers make safer recruitment decisions. There are three levels: Basic, Standard, and Enhanced, depending on the nature of the role.
UK Context
The DBS was established under the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012, combining the Criminal Records Bureau and the Independent Safeguarding Authority. Enhanced checks are required for roles involving children or vulnerable adults. The Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 allows certain spent convictions to be disregarded for most roles, but this exemption is lifted for regulated activities.
Best Practices
- Only request the level of DBS check that is appropriate and legally permitted for the role
- Have a clear policy on how you will assess criminal record information, following the DBS guidance on fair assessment
- Ensure DBS checks are processed before the employee starts in roles that require them, particularly in regulated activities
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the different levels of DBS check?
Basic checks show unspent convictions and are available for any role. Standard checks show spent and unspent convictions, cautions, reprimands, and warnings. Enhanced checks include all Standard information plus any relevant police intelligence. Enhanced with barred list checks also check the children's and adults' barred lists.
How long is a DBS check valid for?
DBS checks do not have an official expiry date. However, the information is accurate only at the point of issue. Many employers re-check every three years. The DBS Update Service allows checks to be kept up to date continuously for an annual fee of 13 pounds.