Definition
A legal requirement under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 for the responsible person to assess fire hazards, evaluate the risk of fire, and implement appropriate fire safety measures in non-domestic premises.
UK Context
The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 applies in England and Wales. Scotland has the Fire (Scotland) Act 2005 and associated regulations. Northern Ireland has the Fire and Rescue Services (Northern Ireland) Order 2006. Fire risk assessments are enforced by the local fire and rescue authority, not the HSE.
Best Practices
- Appoint a competent person to carry out the fire risk assessment — use an external assessor for complex premises
- Review the assessment at least annually and after any significant change to the premises, layout, or occupancy
- Ensure all staff receive fire safety training during induction and at regular intervals
- Test fire alarms weekly, emergency lighting monthly, and fire extinguishers annually
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is the responsible person for fire safety?
In a workplace, the responsible person is usually the employer. In other premises, it is the person who has control of the premises — this could be the owner, landlord, managing agent, or occupier. In multi-occupied buildings, all responsible persons must cooperate.
How often should a fire risk assessment be reviewed?
At least annually as good practice, and whenever there are significant changes such as building alterations, changes in use, changes in occupancy, or after a fire or near miss. Some high-risk premises may need more frequent reviews.
Can an employer carry out their own fire risk assessment?
Yes, if they are competent to do so. For simple, low-risk premises (such as a small office), the employer may be able to carry out the assessment using government guidance. For more complex or high-risk premises, a qualified fire risk assessor should be engaged.